Friday, 30 May 2025

Forty years ago I was on the Continental Divide Trail

At the border

On May 30 1985, excited and nervous, I was at the US/Canada border ready to begin the Continental Divide Trail, a 3100 mile walk that would take me from the snowbound Northern Rockies to the deserts of New Mexico and a finish at the border with Mexico.

The Chinese Wall, Bob Marshall Wilderness, Montana

En route I encountered deep snow, searing heat, floods, droughts, forest fires, blizzards and thunderstorms. I saw bears, moose, mountain goats, bald eagles, rattlesnakes and much more. I camped out on 149 nights, often in the most spectacular places. It was a wonderful, glorious wilderness walk, the longest I have ever done.

In the Scapegoat Wilderness, Montana

Back then the internet didn’t exist. There were no smartphones or satellite communicators. When I disappeared into the mountains I really did vanish, especially as the CDT was more of an idea than an actual trail. I was often going cross-country or following faint, little-used trails. Few people had heard of the CDT and even fewer hiked it. There were no CDT trail signs.

Lost Trail Pass, Idaho/Montana border, where I sat out a huge forest fire. Photo by my cousin Kris Gravette who visited me from her home in Wyoming. A now-faded colour print.

Except in popular areas like Yellowstone National Park I didn’t meet many people, often seeing no-one for several days at a time.

The Bitteroot Mountains, Montana

I did have companion for the first 500 miles, Scott Steiner who I’d met on the Pacific Crest Trail three years earlier. After that I was on my own.  

In the Bridger-Teton National Forest, Wyoming

The walk was a real immersion in the wilderness, six months living mostly in nature and moving at walking pace. It was tough but immensely fulfilling.

Squaretop Mountain, Wind River Range, Wyoming

When I reached a town I sent postcards home so friends and family knew where I’d got to, though of course by the time they arrived I was many days further along the trail.


Camp on Vista Pass, Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range, Wyoming

I also sent hand-written reports and my exposed films back to Footloose, the UK outdoor magazine I was writing for (now long-gone). The staff of the magazine saw my photos long before I did.


Lost Ranger Peak, Mount Zirkel Wilderness, Colorado

Camp in the Never Summer Wilderness after a blizzard, Colorado

The Front Range, Colorado

My highest camp at 12,550 feet (3825 metres) on the slopes of James Peak, Colorado

Desert camp, New Mexico

Last day

Photography note: the pictures are scans from Kodachrome 64 transparencies and Ilford FP4 black-and-white film prints. My camera was a Pentax MX SLR with 35-70 and 75-150 zoom lenses with an Olympus 35mm compact camera with 35mm lens as a backup.

Wednesday, 28 May 2025

Book Review: Upland: A Journey through Time and the Hills by Ian Crofton

 


In Upland Ian Crofton takes a broad sweep through the British hills from the North Downs to the Cairngorms. Along the way he skilfully weaves together personal and family stories, prehistory and history, literature, art, geology, nature and more in a glorious mix of everything the hills have to offer. As his journey progresses we meet a cast of characters – painters, poets, mountaineers, novelists, philosophers, conservationists, campaigners, geologists – and a cast of landscapes that show the richness and diversity of our mountain culture, all entwined with the author’s own upland journeys.

The time of the subtitle has several strands – the eons of geology, prehistoric time when stones were erected and white horses carved whose purposes we can only guess, historical time with many characters and attitudes to the hills, and the author’s own lifetime. The author flows between these expertly and entertainingly.

This rich mix of subjects is wonderful, a complete look at everything the hills have to offer rather than an account of a walk or a climb. The author muses on his own life too and how he has changed, just as the hills have changed.

In the Introduction the author asks if we should live up to our responsibilities as guardians of the land rather than exploiters and conquerors. The author’s answer is clear, his writing capturing his passion and love for the hills. His concern is explicit in the Afterword where he discusses rewilding and quotes the great American environmentalist Aldo Leopold’s land ethic. He looks at access too and laments how limited it is in England and Wales.

This book is excellent with much to enjoy and to learn. I’ll be reading it again. Highly recommended.

Upland is published by Birlinn and costs £18.99.

Saturday, 24 May 2025

Glen Feshie, the Moine Mhor, & two Munros

Sgor Gaoith

The long dry spell is over. Rain is falling heavily. Just a few days ago I was striding across the crisp, crunchy, dusty Moine Mhor – the Great Moss, a vast normally boggy upland – astonished at the dryness. The day before I had marvelled at the shrunken River Feshie. That will change now.

I’d set off down Glen Feshie on a sunny afternoon, though with thin clouds spreading overhead. The fresh leaves of the birches shone bright. The air was thick with heat. Soon the clouds had grown enough to block the sun though it still shone on a distant hillside, turning the pale grasses gold.

Allt Garbhlach & River Feshie

The burns that run down into the Feshie were so low I could easily cross on stones without even dampening the soles of my boots. Their beds looked far too big to have been carved by these little streams. But they had, when the waters were high and rushing down the mountainsides sweeping away everything in their path. The Allt Garbhlach is a constant reminder of this as you scrabble down the steep slopes to its wide stony bed and then scrabble up the loose path on the far side. There used to be a good path with steps here, swept away a decade and more ago. Now little trees are springing up amongst the rubble and debris. They may have a short life.

Creag na Caillich & the River Feshie

I camped in the woods in the narrow neck of the glen, where it’s hemmed in by the steep rocky slopes of Creag an Caillich and Creag na Gaibhre. A fine site amongst old pines and young birches, it had been used before and sported two fire rings, one old, long disused, and grassy, the other bigger, newer, and with blackened rocks and half-burnt logs. There was no litter, thankfully. I don’t think anyone had been here for a while.

Glen Feshie camp

Dawn came with weak sunshine and stillness. The woods were calming and I lingered. Relaxing for half the morning before rousing myself to pack up and move on. Backtracking down the glen I picked up an old path that winds steeply through the trees and up slopes of heather to the fine cairn on Creag na Gaibhre. The path is overgrown and indistinct in places. I lost it a couple of times.  The climb is arduous but the views and the feeling of wildness overcome any weariness.

Broom

Above the trees broom flourished, its bright yellow flowers dominating the landscape. There were dizzying views down stony ravines to the forest and the river far below.

View into Glen Feshie

Creag na Gaibhre is a splendid viewpoint for Glen Feshie and I stopped here for a snack. A breeze was picking up and the sky cloudy so I didn’t stay too long but was soon following the faint path as it continued on to the dark waters of Lochan nam Bo, trapped in a cleft in the hillside, and then over Druim nam Bo, a bump on the broad west ridge of Mullach Clach a’ Bhlair, the high point of this corner of the Moine Mhor and a Munro.

Creag Na Gaibhre

Long before reaching the summit I joined an old estate track that stood out harshly from a distance – two straight furrows driving up the hillside – but which didn’t seem too intrusive when actually on it.

Mullach Clach a' Bhlair

As the steepness eased off and the tiny cairn on Mullach Clach a’ Bhlair appeared (a rather paltry affair compared with the one on Creag na Gaibhre) the view opened out across the Moine Mhor to the distant pointed peak of Sgor Gaoith, also a Munro, and the sweep of Munros – Braeriach, Sgor an Lochan Uaine, Carn Toul – that rise above its eastern edge.

The summit was windswept and chilly. I kept moving, heading for Loch nan Cnapan in the heart of the Moine Mhor. There are ugly bulldozed roads up here and I used these at times though mostly I went cross-country. When wet this can ensure sodden feet and much cursing as you flounder through the bogs. On this occasion I was amazed at how dry it was, drier than I’ve ever seen it. I walked on cracked crusty mud, over pale dried grasses. There was no water in many of the little burns and pools that lace the moor.  The word arid came to mind.

Loch nan Cnapan & Monadh mor

At the loch I found a good flat site. The wind was gusting strongly, so I pegged out all the guylines. As with the evening before the late sun cut under the clouds and lit up the long gently slopes of Monadh Mor a couple of kilometres away.

Loch nan Cnapan camp

A sudden blast of heat woke me at dawn. The sun had just appeared over the hills. There were long streaks of cloud in the sky. The wind had gone. I wandered beside the loch, ate breakfast, dozed, ate another breakfast, somnolent in the heat.

Sgor Gaoith

Eventually I packed up and started across the rough ground – all knolls and hollows -towards Sgor Gaoith, aiming for the old path that runs along the rim of Coire Odhar in Gleann Eanich. I think this is the finest way up Sgor Gaoith as it gives superb views.

Once I’d located the path, which seems to start somewhere out on the Moine Mhor, I followed it round to the Fuaran Diotech spring and nearby ruined hut. There’s a pool by the ruin. The burns running in and out of it were dry. A flat grassy area makes for a good pitch here. I’d used it just the year before (see this post). Someone had camped here much more recently and had left a ring of rocks, the grass still green underneath. I moved the smaller ones onto the ruin’s walls and rolled the bigger ones into the pool. I wish people wouldn’t do this! Or at least replace the rocks when they leave.

Allt Fuaran Diotech

The Fuaran Diotech spring was still running strongly, soon leaping down the crags into Coire Odhar. Cool, fresh water. I needed it. I relished it.

Sgor Gaoith

Refreshed I continued along the path. Soon it converged with the main thoroughfare coming from Carn Ban Mor. Two walkers were just heading back down this, three more were heading for the summit just ahead of me. On the top five more were relaxing in the sunshine. The view of Loch Eanich and Braeriach was spectacular, as always.

Braeriach & Loch Eanaich from Sgor Gaoith

Leaving for the wide scar of the standard route I met a walker heading up, the eleventh person I’d encountered, and the last. All of them were in a half hour period and on or near the summit of Sgor Gaoith. I met no-one else all trip,

I was soon over Carn Ban Mor and heading down the long stony path to Glen Feshie. As I descended the wind picked up and so did the heat. Sweat-soaked I was glad to reach the glen.

Tuesday, 13 May 2025

A Walk & Camp Above Loch Avon

Loch Avon

Back in March I camped by the Feith Buidhe (yellow bog-stream) on the Cairngorm Plateau and went up Ben Macdui (see this post). I had planned on walking to where the Feith Buidhe crashes over the cliffs at the head of the Loch Avon Basin, one of my favourite places in the Cairngorms. However I didn’t have snowshoes or skis and the snow was deep enough to make walking slow and arduous so I took the easier option of retracing my boot holes in the snow back to the track up Ben Macdui where the snow was already beaten down by others.

I missed not looking down on Loch Avon and the great cliffs and planned on returning in the not too distant future. I did so in early May. The contrast couldn’t have been greater. Instead of deep snow I was crunching over crispy dried-out ground. There was no difficulty now.

Sunshine briefly lights up a distant hill

The afternoon I climbed up onto the Plateau the sky was clouding over. I watched as Ben Macdui then Braeriach, then Cairn Gorm lost their heads in the encroaching cloud. Just occasionally the sun lit up a hillside, brief flarings that soon faded.

Hell's Lum

I wandered across the top of Hell’s Lum Crag and gazed down the deep chasm that gives the cliff its name (‘lum’ means chimney). A dramatic spot, cold and dark.

Camp in the morning

I found a good grassy site not far from the Feith Buidhe and made camp as the mist drifted not far above. I was soon in the tent. I woke once in the dark and looked out to see just grey dampness. I was in the mist.

The Feith Buidhe begins its descent

Thankfully, dawn came with a clearance, the rising sun scattering the mists and bringing colour to the land. I followed the Feith Buidhe the short distance to the start of its speeding, tumbling fall down smooth granite slabs to the Loch Avon basin far below.

Cairn Gorm 

Broken rocky ground led round to the flat top of the Shelter Stone Crag. I weaved a way through the boulders where the grassy gentle plateau crumbles and disintegrates into a chaos of rock. It’s a splendid place though not one in which to hurry. I rock-hopped across the Garbh Uisge Beag and Garbh Uisge Beag (big and little rough water), happy to keep my boots dry. Whilst still noisy and rushing the streams were low.

Carn Etchachan from the Shelter Stone Crag

The northern prow of the great cliff of Carn Etchachan  - the rocky hill of ( probably) the juniper (from the Gaelic aiteann) - rose starkly above the Shelter Stone Crag. More stony terrain led up to the surprisingly broad and long flat summit. The best view from the top is little east of the cairn as the gently rounded foreground cuts off views from the latter. Just by walking a short distance I could look down to Loch Etchachan and across to the pyramid of Derry Cairngorm. In the distance Lochnagar stood out clearly.

High altitude pine

I returned to camp by a slightly easier though still rocky more direct route. I was surprised to find a small Scots pine protruding from granite slabs up here at over 1000 metres.

Coffee in camp

Back at camp I had a late lunch. The morning had been glorious, the scenery spectacular. I was happy to relax. I felt content. The trip wasn’t over though and soon I packed up and headed back across the Plateau. As I neared the edge of the Northern Corries I saw distant figures and realised I’d seen no-one all day. I’d all that glory and wonder to myself.



Sunday, 11 May 2025

Video of a Cairngorm Plateau camp and a walk up Carn Etchachan


 

A video of last week's camp on the Cairngorm Plateau and visit to Carn Etchachan. A post on the trip with still photos will follow in the next day or so. 

Monday, 5 May 2025

Gas transfer time!


Transferring gas between canisters before a trip. It's now approaching two years since I wrote about this and I still have many almost empty canisters. I need to do more! And recycle more empty ones.




Saturday, 3 May 2025

A Look At The June Issue Of The Great Outdoors

 

The June issue of The Great Outdoors is out now. My contribution is a review of the new improved (it really is) Jetboil Flash 1.0L Cooking System. Also in the Gear pages Fiona Russell reviews the OMM Kamleika Jacket, Lara Dunn and Peter Macfarlane review five pairs of hiking shoes and two budget daypacks each, and Kirsty Pallas and Peter Macfarlane review two pairs of underwear each.

In the main features five outdoors people tell of nights in strange places including mining trenches, World War Two radar stations, and polar bear country. Kate Hill visits remote Maol-buidhe bothy in the Scottish Highlands and delves into its history. In a photo-essay Will Lake describes his photography and illustrates it with some moody and atmospheric Lake District images. Away from the UK Peter Elia goes on a trek to K2 Base Camp in the Karakorum range. 

The issue opens with another splendid Lake District image by Laura Nurse showing Crummock Water from Low Fell at dawn.

In shorter pieces Nadia Shaikh enjoys the song of the song thrush, Ronald Turnbull reviews Wainwrights Without A Car: A Year On The Lake District Fells by Ron Kenyon, Kevin and Fin Campbell describe their work as bothy maintenance organisers, Jim Perrin praises Sgurr nan Gillean in his Mountain Portrait, Joe Williams gives beginner-friendly tips for fastpacking, and Juls Stobel discusses the battle of comfort versus weight in her advice column.

The theme of Wild Walks is good spots for watching the sunset. In the North-West Highlands James Roddie climbs Beinn Airigh Charr from Poolewe. In the Lake District Vivienne Crow goes up Skiddaw via Barkbethdale and Robinson from Newlands Pass. Also in the Lake District Ian Battersby visits Sheffield Pike and Glenridding Dodd while in Brycheiniog/Brecon Beacons he walks to Fan Nedd and Fan Gyhirych Bannau. In Shropshire Roger Butler watches sunset from Titterstone Clee Hill. And in Dorset Fiona Barltrop has a coastal walk from Kimmeridge Bay to Swyre Head.  



Friday, 2 May 2025

Photography Post: Thoughts on Perspective & Focal Length

The 'nifty fifty' view, taken at 51mm equivalent (34mm APS-C)

How much do photos show a landscape as it actually appeared, that would look the same to someone else standing in the same spot?  I don’t mean the same colours, the same light, the same sky,  of course. They change all the time. I mean the perspective, the relationship between different parts of the image. If there’s a tree in the foreground and hills on the horizon, is the scale of both the same in the photo as in the actual view?

It all depends of course on the focal length of the lens. The wider the lens the more of the scene is in the view but the smaller distant objects appear and the larger close ones appear. The opposite happens with a longer focal length.

So what’s the focal length that’s closest to what you actually see? Traditionally it’s 50mm, the ‘nifty fifty’ in the full frame/35mm format. When I was learning photography, with a 35mm film camera, I read this in many books. I never really thought about it though. I just accepted that if all these photographers said it then it must be so. But must it?

Recently I read a number of online articles, like this one, about focal length and human eyesight and began to wonder.  In different places I read that 43mm and 70mm were correct, not 50mm. They couldn’t both be! I looked at some of my photos of views I can see from home taken at around the equivalent of 50mm (33-36mm on my APS-C camera) and then looked out of the window. The mountains in the distance looked smaller and further away in the photos (see picture at the head of this article).

How it looked to my eyes. 73mm (49 APS-C)

A practical test was needed. I went outside to see which focal length looked the most accurate to my eyes. I picked a spot with some stones not far in front of me so I could check their size against the trees in the mid ground and the hills in the distance, I used a zoom lens (all the images in this piece were taken with a Sony 18-135 zoom lens) and looked at the view and the camera screen while zooming  the lens until the proportions looked the same for both.

When the image in the viewfinder and what I could see matched near enough I pressed the shutter. The focal length was 73mm. That’s 49mm on an APS-C camera so 50mm is the right focal length for the world to look as I see it! But not in full frame/35mm terms.

If someone stood on the same spot and looked at that view they would see everything in proportion as in my 73mm photo.

Cropped wide angle image

Does that mean having everything in proportion results in the best photograph? Only if that’s what you’re trying to capture. I don’t think the 73mm image is the best from this spot. Or at least it’s not my favourite. I prefer a wide angle image cropped to a panoramic format. I could only see it looking like that through the lens though. It's worth nothing that the dramatic view in a photograph may not look just the same in reality!

Put of curiosity I am going to go out with just my 50mm lens (75mm equivalent) and see what results I get.

Here are some more photos taken from the same spot at different focal lengths.

31mm (21mm APS-C)

111mm (74mm APS-C)

202mm (135mm APS-C)